The STRATIFY rule yields a possible score between 0 and 5 (each item scoring 1 if present or 0 if absent). Thomas Risk Assessment Tool in Falling elderly inpatients), which consists of five items that address risk factors for falling including past history of falling, patient agitation, visual impairment affecting everyday function, need for frequent toileting, and transfer ability and mobility. One such example is the STRATIFY clinical prediction rule (St. These tools serve to identify patients at risk of falling however, the sensitivity and specificity of existing tools is low. There are a number of performance orientated mobility assessment tools that assess aspects of balance and gait involved in normal daily activities. Gait instability has been identified as a relatively consistent risk factor for falls and the majority of screening programmes to identify those at risk of falls comprise an assessment of gait and balance. The causes of falling are multi-factorial and include extrinsic (environment-related), intrinsic (person-related) and behavioural (activity-related) factors. Falls account for 40% of all injury deaths and lead to 20-30% of mild to severe injuries ranging from soft tissue injuries to fractures in the elderly. Approximately 30% of community dwelling people aged 65 years and over will fall each year. Falls are a leading cause of injury and activity limitation in older adults and the adverse effects associated with falling result in significant personal, social and economic burden.
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